Nonpointlike Particles in Harmonic Oscillators

Quantum mechanics ordinarily describes particles as being pointlike, in the sense that the uncertainty $\Delta x$ can, in principle, be made arbitrarily small. It has been shown that suitable correction terms to the canonical commutation relations induce a finite lower bound to spatial localisation. Here, we perturbatively calculate the corrections to the energy levels of an in this sense nonpointlike particle in isotropic harmonic oscillators. Apart from a special case the degeneracy of the energy levels is removed.Comment: LaTeX, 9 pages, 1 figure included via epsf optio

Quantum gravity effects on statistics and compact star configurations

The thermodynamics of classical and quantum ideal gases based on the Generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) are investigated. At low temperatures, we calculate corrections to the energy and entropy. The equations of state receive small modifications. We study a system comprised of a zero temperature ultra-relativistic Fermi gas. It turns out that at low Fermi energy $\varepsilon_F$, the degenerate pressure and energy are lifted. The Chandrasekhar limit receives a small positive correction. We discuss the applications on configurations of compact stars. As $\varepsilon_F$ increases, the radius, total number of fermions and mass first reach their nonvanishing minima and then diverge. Beyond a critical Fermi energy, the radius of a compact star becomes smaller than the Schwarzschild one. The stability of the configurations is also addressed. We find that beyond another critical value of the Fermi energy, the configurations are stable. At large radius, the increment of the degenerate pressure is accelerated at a rate proportional to the radius.Comment: V2. discussions on the stability of star configurations added, 17 pages, 2 figures, typos corrected, version to appear in JHE

Torus invariant divisors

Using the language of polyhedral divisors and divisorial fans we describe invariant divisors on normal varieties X which admit an effective codimension one torus action. In this picture X is given by a divisorial fan on a smooth projective curve Y. Cartier divisors on X can be described by piecewise affine functions h on the divisorial fan S whereas Weil divisors correspond to certain zero and one dimensional faces of it. Furthermore we provide descriptions of the divisor class group and the canonical divisor. Global sections of line bundles O(D_h) will be determined by a subset of a weight polytope associated to h, and global sections of specific line bundles on the underlying curve Y.Comment: 16 pages; 5 pictures; small changes in the layout, further typos remove

Affine T-varieties of complexity one and locally nilpotent derivations

Let X=spec A be a normal affine variety over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic 0 endowed with an effective action of a torus T of dimension n. Let also D be a homogeneous locally nilpotent derivation on the normal affine Z^n-graded domain A, so that D generates a k_+-action on X that is normalized by the T-action. We provide a complete classification of pairs (X,D) in two cases: for toric varieties (n=\dim X) and in the case where n=\dim X-1. This generalizes previously known results for surfaces due to Flenner and Zaidenberg. As an application we compute the homogeneous Makar-Limanov invariant of such varieties. In particular we exhibit a family of non-rational varieties with trivial Makar-Limanov invariant.Comment: 31 pages. Minor changes in the structure. Fixed some typo

Generalized Uncertainty Principle, Modified Dispersion Relations and Early Universe Thermodynamics

In this paper, we study the effects of Generalized Uncertainty Principle(GUP) and Modified Dispersion Relations(MDRs) on the thermodynamics of ultra-relativistic particles in early universe. We show that limitations imposed by GUP and particle horizon on the measurement processes, lead to certain modifications of early universe thermodynamics.Comment: 21 Pages, 3 eps Figure, Revised Versio

On the geometry of quantum constrained systems

The use of geometric methods has proved useful in the hamiltonian description of classical constrained systems. In this note we provide the first steps toward the description of the geometry of quantum constrained systems. We make use of the geometric formulation of quantum theory in which unitary transformations (including time evolution) can be seen, just as in the classical case, as finite canonical transformations on the quantum state space. We compare from this perspective the classical and quantum formalisms and argue that there is an important difference between them, that suggests that the condition on observables to become physical is through the double commutator with the square of the constraint operator. This provides a bridge between the standard Dirac procedure --through its geometric implementation-- and the Master Constraint program.Comment: 14 pages, no figures. Discussion expanded. Version published in CQ

Stability conditions and positivity of invariants of fibrations

We study three methods that prove the positivity of a natural numerical invariant associated to $1-$parameter families of polarized varieties. All these methods involve different stability conditions. In dimension 2 we prove that there is a natural connection between them, related to a yet another stability condition, the linear stability. Finally we make some speculations and prove new results in higher dimension.Comment: Final version, to appear in the Springer volume dedicated to Klaus Hulek on the occasion of his 60-th birthda